City comparison

Phoenix, AZ vs Rochester, NY

What a paycheck is really worth in each city: prices, rent and state taxes.

Key findings

  • Prices in Phoenix, AZ are 6.5% higher than in Rochester, NY. Someone earning $100,000 in Rochester, NY would need about $106,500 in Phoenix, AZ to live the same way.
  • Rent is the bigger story: a typical 1-bedroom costs $1,583 a month in Phoenix, AZ versus $1,256 in Rochester, NY. On $100,000, that's 25% of take-home pay in Phoenix, AZ and 20% in Rochester, NY.
  • On $100,000, estimated state income tax is about $2,569 a year higher in Rochester, NY than in Phoenix, AZ.
  • For federal employees, locality pay changes a GS-13 step 1 salary by −3.7% moving from Phoenix, AZ to Rochester, NY ($111,338 → $107,182), while prices change by −6.1%. Net effect of the transfer: +2.5% in real buying power.
PhoenixRochester
Price level (U.S. = 100):Under 9292–9898–102102–108Over 108
  • Phoenix, AZ: price level 103.3 (pricier)
  • Rochester, NY: price level 97.0 (cheaper)

Map drawn from Census Bureau state boundaries and metro locations9,10; dot colours show BEA price levels2.

Side by side

Phoenix, AZRochester, NY
Price level (U.S. = 100)2103.397.0
$100,000 is worth, in the other city2$93,921 in Rochester$106,473 in Phoenix
Typical 1-bedroom rent3$1,583/mo$1,256/mo
Take-home on $100,00014,15,8$76,889$74,320
State income tax on $100,000 (estimate)8$2,291 (AZ)$4,860 (NY)
Rent burden on $100,00025%20%
Median pay, all jobs4$51,380$51,210
Federal locality pay area7Phoenix-Mesa, AZRochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY

Rent areas: Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ MSA and Rochester, NY MSA. Metro areas: Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ and Rochester, NY.

What costs more or less

Phoenix, AZRochester, NY
Price level (U.S. = 100)PhoenixRochester
Housing (rent)121.287.5
Goods95.099.7
Utilities93.3133.2
Other services104.097.8
Overall103.397.0
BEA Regional Price Parities2. Housing covers rents.

Moving with the same $100,000 salary

Phoenix, AZ → Rochester, NY

Same pay goes further

Buying power +6.5%; rent takes 20% of take-home; state tax +$2,569/yr.

89 Strong offer

Rochester, NY → Phoenix, AZ

Same pay buys less

Buying power −6.1%; rent takes 25% of take-home; state tax −$2,569/yr.

50 Fair offer

On the GS pay scale?

Phoenix, AZ is in the Phoenix-Mesa, AZ pay area; Rochester, NY is in Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY. The last column shows what a transfer from Phoenix, AZ to Rochester, NY at the same grade and step does to real buying power.

Grade5,2Phoenix, AZRochester, NYReal change, Phoenix → Rochester
GS-9 step 1$64,564$62,155+2.5%
GS-11 step 1$78,117$75,202+2.5%
GS-12 step 1$93,629$90,135+2.5%
GS-13 step 1$111,338$107,182+2.5%
GS-14 step 1$131,568$126,657+2.5%

Pay for common jobs

Median annual pay4Phoenix, AZRochester, NYRochester pay in Phoenix dollars
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education$59,180$62,840$66,908 (+13.1%)
Software Developers$131,750$122,770$130,717 (−0.8%)
Accountants and Auditors$80,820$80,890$86,126 (+6.6%)
Registered Nurses$100,830$86,570$92,174 (−8.6%)

"Not published" means BLS doesn't release an estimate for that job in that metro.

Check your own offer

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Taxes are estimates for a single filer taking the standard deduction; city and county income taxes are not included. See the methodology.

Notes & Sources

  1. U.S. Census Bureau, Metropolitan Statistical Area population estimates (Vintage 2025) (2025). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  2. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Price Parities by MSA (MARPP), all items (2024). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  3. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Fair Market Rents, 1-bedroom (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  4. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, metropolitan areas (2025). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  5. U.S. Office of Personnel Management, General Schedule (GS) pay rates with locality pay, 2026 (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  6. U.S. Office of Personnel Management, Locality codes used in the 2026 GS pay spreadsheet (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  7. U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 2026 Locality Pay Area Definitions (counties in each pay area) (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  8. Tax Foundation, State Individual Income Tax Rates and Brackets, 2026 (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  9. U.S. Census Bureau, Cartographic boundary file: states, 1:20,000,000 (2024) (2024). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  10. U.S. Census Bureau, Gazetteer file: core based statistical areas (2025) (2025). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  11. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020-2024, table C24010 (occupation of employed residents) by ZIP code area (2024). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  12. U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Tabulation Area relationship files (2020; Connecticut 2022) and Gazetteer locations (2025) (2025). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  13. U.S. Census Bureau, Cartographic boundary files (ZIP code areas 2020; counties and states 2024) and TIGER/Line primary roads (2024) (2024). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  14. Internal Revenue Service, Rev. Proc. 2025-32 (2026 tax brackets and standard deduction) (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  15. Internal Revenue Service, Publication 15 (Circular E), Employer's Tax Guide for 2026 (Social Security and Medicare) (2026). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
  16. U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, O*NET 31.0 Database: Job Titles (used under CC BY 4.0; O*NET is a trademark of USDOL/ETA) (2026). Retrieved 2026-10-14.